Virtual Community Bibliography

Compiled by researcher Moya K. Mason
Web Formatting by Louis Atkinson

Articles | Monographs | Theses

Agres, C., D. Edberg, and M. Igbaria. "Transformation to Virtual Societies: Forces and Issues." The Information Society 14, no. 2 (1998): 71-82.

Anderson, T., and H. Kanuka. "On-Line Forums: New Platforms for Professional Development and Group Collaboration." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 3 (1997).

Aoki, Kumiko. "Virtual Communities in Japan." Paper presented at the Pacific Telecommunications Council Conference, 1994.

Araki, I. "An Approach to the Information Space and On-the-Line Interaction." International Sociological Association, 1998.

Arrow, Holly, et al. "Time, Technology and Groups: An Integration." Computer Supported Cooperative Work 4, no. 2/3 (1995-1996): 253-261.

Aycock, Alan. "Technologies of the Self: Foucault and Internet Discourse." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 1, no. 2 (1995).

Bajan, P. "New Communities, New Social Norms?" Studia Psychologica 40, no. 4 (1998): 361-366.

Baker, Andrea. "Two By Two in Cyberspace: Getting Together and Connecting Online?" Cyberpsychology and Behavior 3, no.2 (2000) 237-242.

Barak, A. "Psychological Applications on the Internet: A Discipline on the Threshold of a New Millennium." Applied and Preventive Psychology 8, no. 4 (1999): 231-245.

Barbatsis, G., and K. Hansen. "The Performance of Cyberspace: An Exploration into Computer-Mediated Reality." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 5, no. 1 (1999).

Barnes, S., and L. M. Greller. "Computer-Mediated Communication in the Organization." Communication Education 43, no. 2 (1994): 129-142.

Baym, N. "From Practice to Culture on Usenet." Sociological Review Monograph (1995): 29-52.

Baym, N. "The Performance of Humor in Computer-Mediated Communication." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 1, no. 2 (1995).

Baym, N. "Agreements and Disagreements in a Computer-Mediated Discussion." Research on Language and Social Interaction 29, no. 4 (1996): 315-345.

Beniger, James. "The Personalization of Mass Media and the Growth of Pseudo-Community." Communication Research 14, no. 3 (1987): 369.

Beniger, James. "Toward an Old New Paradigm: The Half-Century Flirtation with Mass Society." Public Opinion Quarterly 51, no. 4 (1987): 46-66.

Beniger, James. "Information Society and Global Science." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 495 (1988): 14-28.

Berdahl, J.L., and K.M. Craig. "Equality of Participation and Influence in Groups: The Effects of Communication Medium and Sex Composition." Computer Supported Cooperative Work 4, no. 2/3 (1995-1996): 179-201.

Berthold, Michael, et al. "Clustering on the Net: Applying an Autoassociative Neural Network to Computer-Mediated Discussions." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Blanchard, A., and T. Horan. "Virtual Communities and Social Capital." Social Science Computer Review 16, no. 3 (1998): 293-307.

Bordia, P. "Face-to-Face Versus Computer-Mediated Communication: A Synthesis of the Experimental Literature." The Journal of Business Communication 34, no. 1 (1997): 99-120.

Bordia, P., N. DiFonzo, and A. Chang. "Rumor as Group Problem Solving: Development Patterns in Informal Computer-Mediated Groups." Small Group Research 30, no. 1 (1999): 8-28.

Breen, Marcus. "Information Does Not Equal Knowledge: Theorizing the Political Economy of Virtuality." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 3 (1997).

Brignall, Wells. "The Internet as a Tool for a Community: Virtual Citizens and the New Technocracy." Society for the Study of Social Problems, 1999.

Bruckman, Amy. "Identity Workshop: Emergent Social And Psychological Phenomena In Text-Based Virtual Reality," 1993.
Available at: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/fac/Amy.Bruckman/papers/index.html

Bruckman, Amy. "Gender-Swapping on the Internet." Presented at The Internet Society (INET '93) in San Fransisco, California, August, 1993.

Bruckman, Amy. "Approaches To Managing Deviant Behavior in Virtual Communities." Panel Discussion presented at CHI '94 in Boston, MA, April 1994.

Bruckman, Amy. "Finding One's Own Space in Cyberspace." Technology Review 99, no. 1 (1996): 48-54.

Calhoun, Craig. "Community Without Propinquity Revisited: Communications Technology and the Transformation of the Urban Public Sphere." Sociological Inquiry 68, no. 3 (1998): 373-397.

Capussotti, Enrica. "Italian Cyberpunk: A Networked Community." Quaderni di Sociologia 41, no. 13 (1997): 59-77.

Cerulo, Karen A. "Reframing Social Concepts for a Brave New (Virtual) World." Sociological Inquiry 67, no. 1 (1997): 48-58.

Cherny, L. "Gender Differences in Text-Based Virtual Reality." Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Women and Language Conference, 1994.

Cherny, L. "The Modal Complexity of Speech Events in a Social MUD." Electronic Journal of Communication 5, no. 4 (1995).

Cherny, L. "Objectifying the Body in the Discourse of an Object-Oriented MUD." In Cyberspaces: Pedagogy and Performance on the Electronic Frontier, edited by C. Stivale in a special issue of Works and Days 25/26, volume 13, no. 1&2 (1995).

Cherny, L. "The Situated Behavior of MUD Back-Channels." Paper presented at the AAAI Spring Symposium, Stanford, March 1995, in the session on Empirical Methods in Discourse Analysis.

Chung, Pei Chi. "The Social Dimensions of Computer-Mediated Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Two On-Line Discussion Groups." American Sociological Association, 1997.

Coleman, L.H., C.E. Paternite, and R.C. Sherman. "A Reexamination of Deindividuation in Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication." Computers in Human Behavior 15, no. 1 (1999): 51-65.

Curtis, P. "Mudding: Social Phenomena in Text-based Virtual Realities." From the Proceedings of the 1992 Conference on Directions and Implications of Advanced Computing, Berkeley, CA.

Curtis, P., and D. Nichols. "MUDs Grow Up: Social Virtual Reality in the Real World." Report presented to Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, 1993.

Cutler, R.H. "Distributed Presence and Community in Cyberspace." Interpersonal Computing and Technology 3, no. 2 (1995).

Czajkowski, Alex, and Sara Kiesler. "Computer-Mediated Communication: Or, the New Next Best Thing to Being There." National Forum 64, no. 3 (1984): 31-34.

D'Ambra, J., R.E. Rice, and M. O'Connor. "Computer-Mediated Communication and Media Preference: An Investigation of the Dimensionality of Perceived Task Equivocality and Media Richness." Behaviour and Information Technology 17, no. 3 (1998): 164-174.

Danet, B., L. Reudenberg-Wright, and Y. Rosenbaum-Tamari. "Hmmm...Where's that Smoke Coming From?: Writing, Play and Performance on Internet Relay Chat." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Dennis, A.R., S.T. Kinney, and Y.T. Hung. "Gender Differences in the Effects of Media Richness." Small Group Research 30, no. 4 (1999): 405-437.

DeSanctis, G., and P. Monge. "Communication Processes for Virtual Organizations." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 4 (1998).

Dibbell, J. "A Rape in Cyberspace: How an Evil Clown, a Haitian Trickster Spirit, Two Wizards, and a Cast of Dozens Turned a Database into a Society." The Village Voice, (December 21, 1993): 36-42.

Donath, J., K. Karahalios, and F. Viégas. "Visualizing Conversation." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 4, no. 4 (1999).

Douglas, M., and G. Pallotti. "The Home as a Virtual Community." Rassegna Italiana di Sociologia 36, no. 2 (1995): 229-250.

Du Pont, Pete. "Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow: How the Internet Will Revolutionize Public Policy." Vital Speeches of the Day 65, no. 15 (1999): 477-479.

Dyson, Esther, et al. "Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age." The Information Society 12, no. 3 (1996): 295-308.

Endo, Kaoru. "Projection into Virtuality: Modernity and Virtual Communities." Japanese Sociological Review 48, no. 4 (1998): 50-64.

Escobar, Arturo, et al. "Welcome to Cyberia: Notes on the Anthropology of Cyberculture." Current Anthropology 35, no. 3 (1994): 211-223.

Escobar, Arturo. "Anthropology and the Future: New Technologies and the Reinvention of Culture." Futures 27, no. 4 (1995): 409-421.

Fernback, J., and B. Thompson. "Virtual Communities: Abort, Retry, Failure?" Presented as "Computer-Mediated Communication and the American Collectivity" at the Annual Meeting of the International Communication Association, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 1995.

Ferris, Sharmila Pixy. "Women On-Line: Cultural and Relational Aspects of Women's Communication in On-Line Discussion Groups." Interpersonal Computing and Technology 4, no. 3/4 (1996): 29-40.

Fischer, C. S. "Technology and Community: Historical Complexities." Sociological Inquiry 67, no. 1 (1997): 113-18.

Fuller, R. "Human-Computer-Human Interaction: How Computers Affect Interpersonal Communication." The Electronic Journal on Virtual Culture 2, no. 2 (1994).

Galegher J., L. Sproull, and S. Kiesler. "Legitimacy, Authority, and Community in Electronic Support Groups." Written Communication 15, no. 4 (1998): 493-530.

Garcia, A.C., and J.B. Jacobs. "The Eyes of the Beholder: Understanding the Turn-Taking System in Quasi-Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication." Research on Language and Social Interaction 32, no. 4 (1999): 337-367.

Garton, L., C. Haythornthwaite, and B. Wellman. "Studying Online Social Networks." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 1 (1997).

Graetz, K.A., et al. "Information Sharing Face-to-Face Teleconferencing, and Electronic Chat Groups." Small Group Research 29, no. 6 (1998): 714-743.

Granito, A.J., L. Groarke, and J. Kohls. "Open Peer Commentaries on Virtuality, Conversation, and Morality." Technology Studies 3, no. 2 (1996): 215-226.

Granovetter, Mark. "The Strength of Weak Ties." American Journal of Sociology 78, no. 6 (1973): 1360-1380.

Gregson, K. "Conversation and Community or Sequential Monologues: An Analysis of Politically Oriented Newsgroups." Proceedings of the ASIS Annual Meeting 35 (1998): 531-541.

Griffith, T.L., and G.B. Northcraft. "Distinguishing Between the Forest and the Trees: Media, Features, and Methodology in Electronic Communication Research." Organization Science 5, no. 2 (1994): 272-285.

Gruber, S. "Communication Gone Wired: Working Toward a Practiced Cyberfeminism." The Information Society 15, no. 3 (1999): 199-208.

Hacker, K.L., and M.A. Todino. "Virtual Democracy at the Clinton White House: An Experiment in Electronic Democratisation." Javnost /The Public 3, no. 1 (1996): 71-86.

Hafner, Katie. "The Epic Saga of The Well: The World's Most Influential Online Community (and it's not AOL)." Wired 5.05 (1997): 100-144.

Hampton, K.N., and B. Wellman. "Netville Online and Offline: Observing and Surveying a Wired Suburb." American Behavioral Scientist 43, no. 3 (1999): 475-492.

Harmon, Amy. "Researchers Find Sad, Lonely World in Cyberspace." New York Times, August 30, 1998.

Haythornthwaite, C., B. Wellman, and M. Mantei. "Work Relationships and Media Use: A Social Network Analysis." Group Decision and Negotiations 4, no. 3 (1995): 193-211.

Haythornthwaite, C. "Work, Friendship, and Media Use for Information Exchange in a Networked Organization." Journal of the American Society for Information Science 49, no. 12 (1998): 1101-1114.

Hearst, M.A., and J. Grudin. "The Changing Relationship Between Information Technology and Society: Has the Ice Man Arrived? Tact on the Internet." IEEE Intelligent Systems and their Applications 14, no. 1 (1999): 8-15.

Herring, Susan. "Gender Differences in Computer-Mediated Communication: Bringing Familiar Baggage to the New Frontier." Keynote paper at American Library Association annual convention (Miami, FL, June 27, 1994).

Herring, Susan. "Linguistic and Critical Analysis of Computer-Mediated Communication: Some Ethical and Scholarly Considerations." The Information Society 12, no. 2 (1996): 153-168.

Herring, Susan. "Interactional Coherence in CMC." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 4, no. 4 (1999).

Herring, Susan. "The Rhetorical Dynamics of Gender Harassment Online." The Information Society 15, no. 3 (1999): 151-168.

Hill, K.A., and J.E. Hughes. "Computer-Mediated Political Communication: The USENET and Political Communities." Political Communication 14, no. 1 (1997): 3-27.

Hiltz, S.R., and B. Wellman. "Asynchronous Learning Networks as a Virtual Classroom." Communications of the ACM 40, no. 9 (1997): 44-49.

Hinds, P., and S. Kiesler. "Communication Across Boundaries: Work, Structure, and Use of Communication Technologies in a Large Organization." Organization Science 6, no. 4 (1995): 373-393.

Ito, M. "Theory, Method, and Design in Anthropologies of the Internet." Social Science Computer Review 14, no. 1 (1996): 24-26.

Jacobson, David. "Contexts and Cues in Cyberspace: The Pragmatics of Naming in Text-Based Virtual Realities." Journal of Anthropological Research 52, no. 4 (1996): 461-479.

Jacobson, David. "Impression Formation in Cyberspace: Online Expectations and Offline Experiences in Text-Based Virtual Communities." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 5, no. 1 (1999).

Johnson, Dan. "Do-it-Yourself Governance?" The Futurist 33, no. 5 (1999): 12.

Jones, Quentin. "Virtual-Communities, Virtual Settlements and Cyber-Archaeology: A Theoretical Outline." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 3 (1997).

Jones, Steve. "Using the News: An Examination of the Value and Use of News Sources in CMC." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Jordan, T., and P. Taylor. "A Sociology of Hackers." Sociological Review 46, no. 4 (1998): 757-780.

Kahai, S., and R.B. Cooper. "The Effect of Computer-Mediated Communication on Agreement and Acceptance." Journal of Management Information Systems 16, no. 1 (1999): 165-188.

Katz, Jon. "The Tales They Tell in Cyberspace Are a Whole Other Story." New York Times, January 23, 1994, pp. A1, A30.

Kayany, Joseph M. "Contexts of Uninhibited Online Behavior: Flaming in Social Newsgroups on Usenet." Journal of the American Society for Information Science 49, no. 12 (1998): 1135-1141.

Kendall, Lori. "Electronic Identity: Anonymity Control on MUDs." American Sociological Association, 1995.

Kiesler, S., J. Siegel, and T.W. McGuire. "Social Psychological Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication." American Psychologist 39, no. 10 (1984): 1123-1134.

Kiesler, S., D. Zubrow, and A. Moses. "Affect in Computer-Mediated Communication: An Experiment in Synchronous Terminal-to-Terminal Discussion." Human-Computer Interaction 1 (1985): 77-104.

Kiesler, S. "The Hidden Message in Computer Networks." Harvard Business Review 64, no. 1 (1986): 46-58.

King, Storm A. "Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results." The Information Society 12, no. 2 (1996): 119-127.

Kling, Rob. "Synergies and Competition Between Life in Cyberspace and Face-to-Face Communities." Social Science Computer Review 14, no. 1 (1996): 50-54.

Kollock, Peter. "The Economies of Online Cooperation: Gifts and Public Goods in Cyberspace," 1999.

Komito, Lee. "The Net as a Foraging Society: Flexible Communities." The Information Society 14, no. 2 (1998): 97-106.

Kraut Robert, et al. "Internet Paradox: A Social Technology that Reduces Social Involvement and Psychological Well-Being?" American Psychologist 53, no. 9 (1998): 1017-1031.

Kraut, Robert, et al. "Social Impact of the Internet: What Does it Mean?" Association for Computing Machinery 41, no. 12 (1998): 21-22.

Kraut, Robert, et al. "Information and Communication: Alternative Uses of the Internet in Households." Information Systems Research 10, no. 4 (1999): 287-303.

Lemke, Dwight K. "Cyberia." Journal of Management Inquiry 7, no. 3 (1998): 270-272.

Lemke, J. "Cultural Dynamics and Virtual Culture." The Electronic Journal on Virtual Culture 2, no. 1 (1994).

LeValley, Janet. "Doing It in Cyberspace: Cultural Sensitivity in Applied Anthropology." Anthropology of Consciousness 8, no. 4 (1997): 113-132.

Lievrouw, Leah A. "Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse and Culture in the Information Society." The Information Society 14, no. 2 (1997).

Lindlof, T.R., and M.J. Shatzer. "Media Ethnography in Virtual Space: Strategies, Limits, and Possibilities." Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 42, no. 2 (1998): 170-189.

Liu, Geoffrey Z. "Virtual Community Presence in Internet Relay Chatting." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 5, no. 1 (1999).

Luke, Timothy. "The Politics of Digital Inequality: Access, Capability and Distribution in Cyberspace." New Political Science 41-42 (1997): 121-144.

Maltz, Tamir. "Customary Law and Power in Internet Communities." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 1 (1996).

Mannecke, B.E., and J.S. Valacich. "Information is What You Make of It: The Influence of Group History and Computer Support on Information Sharing, Decision Quality, and Member Perceptions." Journal of Management Information Systems 15, no. 2 (1997): 173-197.

Mantovani, G. "Is Computer-Mediated Communication Intrinsically Apt to Enhance Democracy in Organizations?" Human Relations 47, no. 1 (1994): 45-62.

Mantovani, G. "Social Context in HCl: A New Framework for Mental Models, Cooperation, and Communication." Cognitive Science 20, no. 2 (1996): 237-269.

Mantovani, G., and G. Riva. "Real Presence: How Different Ontologies Generate Different Criteria for Presence, Telepresence, and Virtual Presence." Presence-Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 8, no. 5 (1999): 540-550.

Matheson, Kimberly. "Social Cues in Computer-Mediated Communication: Gender Makes a Difference." Computers in Human Behavior 7 (1991): 137-145.

McChesney, R.W. "The Internet and U.S. Communication Policy-making in Historical and Critical Perspective." Journal of Communication 46 (1996): 98-124.

McClellan, J. "Netsurfers." The Observer, February 13, 1994.

McKenna, K.Y., and J.A. Bargh. "Coming Out in the Age of the Internet: Identity Demarginalization Through Virtual Group Participation." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 75, no. 3 (1998): 681-694.

Mehta, M. D., and E. Darier. "Virtual Control and Discipline on the Internet: Electronic Governmentality in the New Wired World." The Information Society 14, no. 2 (1997).

Myers, Daniel J. "Communication Technology and Social Movements: Contributions of Computer Networks to Activism." Social Science Computer Review 12, no. 2 (1994): 250-260.

Nazer, N., and B. Wellman. "Scholarly Networks in a Loosely Coupled Organization." International Sociological Association, 1998.

Notess, Greg R. "Communications and Community on Web sites." Online 23, no. 4 (1999): 65-68.

Okleshen, C., and S. Grossbart. "Usenet Groups, Virtual Community and Consumer Behaviors." Advances in Consumer Research 25 (1998): 276-282.

Olaniran, Bolanle A. "Group Performance in Computer-Mediated and Face-to-Face Communication Media." Management Communication Quarterly 7, no. 3 (1994): 256-281.

Ono, R., and K. Aoki. "Convergence and New Regulatory Frameworks: A Comparative Study of Regulatory Approaches to Internet Telephony." Telecommunications Policy 22, no. 10 (1998): 817-838.

Paccagnella, Luciano. "How to Regulate the Use of Electronically Registered Messages in Research on Computer-Assisted Communication?" Quaderni di Sociologia 41, no. 15 (1997): 159-163.

Paccagnella, Luciano. "A Cyberspace Sociology: A Case Study of a Cyberpunk Electronic Conference." Quaderni di Sociologia 41, no. 13 (1997): 33-57.

Paccagnella, Luciano. "Language, Network Centrality, and Response to Crisis in On-line Life: A Case Study in the Italian Cyberpunk Computer Conference." The Information Society 14, no. 2 (1997).

Paccagnella, Luciano. "Getting the Seats of Your Pants Dirty: Strategies for Ethnographic Research on Virtual Communities." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 1 (1997).

Paolillo, John. "The Virtual Speech Community: Social Network and Language Variation on IRC." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 4, no. 4 (1999).

Parks, M. R., and K. Floyd. "Making Friends in Cyberspace." Journal of Communication 46, no. 1 (1996): 80-97.

Parks, M.R., and L.D. Roberts. "Making MOOsic: The Development of Personal Relationships Online and a Comparison to their Offline Counterparts." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 15, no. 4 (1998): 517-537.

Pfaffenberger, Bryan. "If I Want It, It's OK: Usenet and the (Outer) Limits of Free Speech." The Information Society 12, no. 4 (1996): 365-386.

Phillips, David J. "Defending the Boundaries: Identifying and Countering Threats in a Usenet Newsgroup." The Information Society 12, no. 1 (1996): 39-62.

Postmes, T., R. Spears, and M. Lea. "Breaching or Building Social Boundaries: Side-Effects of Computer-Mediated Communication." Communication Research 25, no. 6 (1998): 689-715.

Putnam, Robert D. "Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital." Journal of Democracy 6, no 1 (1995): 65-78.

Putnam, Robert D. "The Strange Disappearance of Civic America." American Prospect 24 (1996): 34-48.

Putnam, Robert D. "Robert Putnam Responds." American Prospect 25 (1996): 26-28.

Rafaeli, S., and F. Sudweeks. "Networked Interactivity." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Reid, Elizabeth. "Informed Consent in the Study of On-Line Communities: A Reflection on the Effects of Computer-Mediated Social Research." The Information Society 12, no. 2 (1996): 169-174.

Ribeiro, Gustavo L. "Transnational Virtual Community? Exploring Implications for Culture, Power and Language." Organization Science 4, no. 4 (1997): 496-505.

Riedel, E., et al. "Electronic Communities: Assessing Equality of Access in a Rural Minnesota Community." Social Science Computer Review 16, no. 4 (1998): 370-390.

Rintel, E.S., and J. Pittam. "Strangers in a Strange Land: Interaction Management on Internet Relay Chat." Human Communication Research 23, no. 4 (1997): 507-534.

Riva, G., and C. Galimberti. "Computer-Mediated Communication: Identity and Social Interaction in an Electronic Environment." Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs 124, no. 4 (1998): 434-464.

Rodino, Michelle. "Breaking Out of Binaries: Reconceptualizing Gender and its Relationship to Language in Computer-Mediated Communication." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 3 (1997).

Rothkopf, David. "Cyberpolitik: The Changing Nature of Power in the Information Age." Journal of International Affairs 51, no. 2 (1998): 325-359.

Rowe, John Carlos. "Cybercowboys on the New Frontier: Freedom, Nationalism, and Imperialism in the Postmodern Era." The Information Society 12, no. 3 (1996): 309-314.

Ryan, Alan. "Exaggerated Hopes and Baseless Fears." Social Research 64, no. 3 (1997): 1167-1190.

Savicki, V., M. Kelley, and D. Lingenfelter. "Gender, Group Composition, and Task Type in Small Task Groups Using Computer-Mediated Communication." Computers in Human Behavior 12, no. 4 (1996): 549-565.

Savicki, V., D. Lingenfelter, and M. Kelley. "Gender, Language, Style, and Group Composition in Internet Discussion Groups." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 3 (1996).

Savicki, V., M. Kelley, and E. Oesterreich. "Judgments of Gender in Computer-Mediated Communication." Computers in Human Behavior 15, no. 2 (1999): 185-194.

Schiano, D. J. "Convergent Methodologies in Cyber-Psychology: A Case Study." Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 29, no. 2 (1997): 270-273.

Schiano, D. J. "Lessons from LambdaMOO: A Social, Text-Based Virtual Environment." Presence-Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 8, no. 2 (1999): 127-139.

Schroeder, Ralph. "Cyberculture, Cyborg Postmodernism and the Sociology of Virtual Reality Technologies: Surfing the Soul in the Information Age." Futures 26, no. 5 (1994): 519-528.

Schroeder, Ralph, and Raymond M. Lee. "Networked Worlds: Social Aspects of Multi-User Virtual Reality Technology." Sociological Research Online 2, no. 4 (1997): 59-69.

Shapiro, Andrew L. "Street Corners in Cyberspace." The Nation (July 3, 1995): 10-14.

Shapiro, Andrew L. "The Net That Binds: Using Cyberspace to Create Real Communities." The Nation (June 21, 1999).

Silver, D. "Localizing the Global Village: Lessons from the Blacksburg Electronic Village" In The Global Village: Dead or Alive?, edited by Ray B. Browne and Marshall W. Fishwick. Bowling Green, OH: Popular Press, 1999: 79-92.

Silver, D. "Margins in the Wires: Looking for Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Blacksburg Electronic Village." In Race in Cyberspace, edited by Beth E. Kolko, Lisa Nakamura, and Gilbert B. Rodman. New York, Routledge, 2000: 133-150

Silver, D. "Communication, Community, Consumption: An Ethnographic Exploration of an Online City." In Virtual Publics: Policy and Community in an Electronic Age, edited by Beth E. Kolko. Columbia University Press, forthcoming 2000.

Silver, D. "Looking Backwards, Looking Forward: Cyberculture Studies 1990-2000." In Web.Studies: Rewiring Media Studies for the Digital Age, edited by David Gauntlett. Oxford University Press, forthcoming, 2000.

Smith, C.B., M.L. McLaughlin, and K.K. Osborne. "Conduct Control on Usenet." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Smith, M. A., and P. Kollock. "Managing the Virtual Commons: Cooperation and Conflict in Computer Communities." American Sociological Association, 1994.

Soukup, Charles. "The Gendered Interactional Patterns of Computer-Mediated Chatrooms: A Critical Ethnographic Study." The Information Society 15, no. 3 (1999): 169-176.

Spears, R., and M. Lea. "Panacea or Panopticon? The Hidden Power in Computer-Mediated Communication." Communication Research 21, no. 4 (1994): 427-459.

Streck, John M. "Pulling the Plug on Electronic Town Meetings: Participatory Democracy and the Reality of the Usenet." New Political Science 41-42 (1997): 17-46.

Stuhlmacher, A.F., and A.E. Walters. "Gender Differences in Negotiation Outcome: A Meta-Analysis." Personnel Psychology 52, no. 3 (1999): 653-677.

Suler, J.R., and W. Phillips. "The Bad Boys of Cyberspace: Deviant Behavior in Multimedia Chat Communities." CyberPsychology and Behavior 1 (1998): 275-294.

Suler, J.R. "To Get What You Need: Healthy and Pathological Internet Use." CyberPsychology and Behavior 2 (1999): 385-394.

Suler, J.R. "Psychotherapy in Cyberspace: A Five Dimension Model of Online and Computer-Mediated Psychotherapy." CyberPsychology and Behavior (forthcoming in 2000).

Tan, Bernard, et al. "Reducing Status Effects with Computer-Mediated Communication: Evidence from Two Distinct National Cultures." Journal of Management Information Systems 15, no. 1 (1998): 119-141.

Tan, Bernard, et al. "Computer-Mediated Communication and Majority Influence: Assessing the Impact in an Individualistic and a Collectivistic Culture." Management Science 44, no. 9 (1998): 1263-1278.

Taylor, Tina. "Creating Bodies: How We Inhabit Online Virtual Space." American Sociological Association, 1996.

Turkle, Sherry. "Constructions and Reconstructions of Self in Virtual Reality: Playing in the MUDs." Mind, Culture, and Activity: An International Journal 1, no. 3 (1994): 158-167.

Turkle, Sherry. "Virtuality and its Discontents: Searching for Community in Cyberspace." The American Prospect 24 (1996): 50-57.

Turkle, Sherry. "Multiple Subjectivity and Virtual Community at the End of the Freudian Century." Sociological Inquiry 67, no. 1 (1997): 72-84.

Turoff, M., and S.R. Hiltz. "Superconnectivity." Communications of the ACM 41, no. 7 (1998): 116.

Valacich, J.S., A.R. Dennis, and T. Connolly. "Idea Generation in Computer-Based Groups: A New Ending to an Old Story." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 57, no. 3 (1994): 448-467.

Virnoche, M. E., and G. T. Marx. "Only Connect: E. M. Forster in an Age of Electronic Communication: Computer-Mediated Association and Community Networks." Sociological Inquiry 67, no. 1 (1997): 85-100.

Wachte, R.M. "The Effect of Gender and Communication Mode on Conflict Resolution." Computers in Human Behaviour 15, no. 6 (1999): 763-782.

Walsh, J.P., and T. Bayma. "Computer Networks and Scientific Work." Social Studies of Science 26, no. 3 (1996): 661-703.

Walther, Joseph B. "Impression Development in Computer-Mediated Interaction." Western Journal of Communication 57 (1993): 381-399.

Walther, Joseph B. "Anticipated Ongoing Interaction Versus Channel Effects on Relational Communication in Computer-Mediated Interaction." Human Communication Research 20, no. 4 (1994): 473-501.

Walther, Joseph B. "Interpersonal Effects in Computer-Mediated Interaction: A Meta-Analysis of Social and Antisocial Communication." Human Communication Research 21, no. 4 (1994): 460-487.

Walther, Joseph B. "Relational Aspects of Computer-Mediated Communication: Experimental Observations Over Time." Organization Science 6, no. 2 (1995): 186-203.

Walther, Joseph B., et al. "Interpersonal Deception: Effects of Suspicion on Perceived Communication and Nonverbal Behavior Dynamics." Human Communication Research 22, no. 2 (1995): 163-196.

Walther, Joseph B. "Computer-Mediated Communication: Impersonal, Interpersonal, and Hyperpersonal Interaction." Human Communication Research 23, no. 1 (1996): 3-43.

Walther, Joseph B. "Group and Interpersonal Effects in International Computer-Mediated Collaboration." Human Communication Research 23, no. 3 (1997): 342-369.

Ward, K.J. "Cyber-Ethnography and the Emergence of the Virtually New Community." Journal of Information Technology 14, no. 1 (1999): 95-105.

Waskul, D., and M. Douglass. "Cyberself: The Emergence of Self in Online Chat." The Information Society 13, no. 4 (1997): 375-398.

Weinberg, Nancy. "Compassion by Computer: Contrasting the Supportiveness of Computer-Mediated and Face-to-Face Interactions." Computers in Human Services 13, no. 2 (1997): 51-63.

Weinrich, James D. "Strange Bedfellows: Homosexuality, Gay Liberation, and the Internet." Journal of Sex Education and Therapy 22, no. 1 (1997): 58-66.

Weisband, S.P., S.K. Schneider, and T. Connolly. "Computer-Mediated Communication and Social Information: Status Salience and Status Differences." Academy of Management Journal 38, no. 4 (1995): 1124-1151.

Wellman, B., and S. Wortley. "Different Strokes from Different Folks: Community Ties and Social Support." American Journal of Sociology 96, no. 3 (1990): 558-88.

Wellman, B. "Which Types of Ties and Networks Give What Kinds of Social Support?" Advances in Group Processes 9 (1992): 207-35.

Wellman, B., and M. Gulia. "The Reality of Virtual Communities." American Sociological Association, Washington, August 1995.

Wellman, B., and M. Gulia. "When Social Networks Meet Computer Networks: The Policy Implications of Virtual Communities." American Sociological Association, 1995.

Wellman B., et al. "Computer Networks as Social Networks: Collaborative Work, Telework, and Virtual Community." Annual Review of Sociology 22 (1996): 213-238.

Wellman, B. "The Road to Utopia and Dystopia on the Information Highway." Contemporary Sociology 26, no. 4 (1997): 445-449.

Wiesenfeld, B., S. Raghuram, and R. Garud. "Communication Patterns as Determinants of Organizational Identification in a Virtual Organization." Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 3, no. 4 (1998).

Winner, Langdon. "Who Will We Be in Cyberspace?" The Information Society 12, no. 1 (1996): 63-72.

Witmer, D.F., and S.L. Katzman. "On-Line Smiles: Does Gender Make a Difference in the Use of Graphic Accents?" Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2, no. 4 (1997).

Xiaoming, H., K. Zhang, and H. Yu. "The Internet and Information Control: The Case of China." Javnost/The Public 3, no. 1 (1996): 117-130.

Yates, Simeon J. "Gender, Identity and CMC." Journal of Computer Assisted Learning 13, no. 4 (1997): 281-290.

Zdenek, S. "Rising Up From the MUD: Inscribing Gender in Software Design." Discourse and Society 10, no. 3 (1999): 379-409.

Top | Articles | Monographs | Theses

Adorno, T. W. and M. Horkheimer. The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception. In The Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. John Cumming. New York: Herder and Herder, 1972.

Agre, P.E., and D. Schuler, eds. Reinventing Technology, Rediscovering Community: Critical Studies in Computing as a Social Practice. Stamford, CT: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1997.

Barrett, Neil. The State of Cybernation: Cultural, Political and Economic Implications of the Internet. London: Kogan Page Publishers, 1997.

Behar, Joseph E., ed. Mapping Cyberspace: Social Research on the Electronic Frontier. New York: Dowling College Press, 1997.

Berleur, J., and D. Whitehouse, eds. Ethical Global The Information Society: Culture and Democracy Revisited. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

Berman, Marshall. All That Is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1982.

Bollier, D., and C.M. Firestone. The Future of Community and Personal Identity in the Coming Electronic Culture. Washington, DC: Aspen Institute Publications Office, 1996.

Borsook, Paulina. Cyberselfish: How the Digital Elite Is Undermining Our Society, Culture and Values. Des Plaines, IL: Bantam Books, 1999.

Boyer, M. Christine. CyberCities: Visual Perception in the Age of Electronic Communication. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1996.

Brook, J., and I.A. Boal, eds. Resisting the Virtual Life: the Culture and Politics of Information. San Francisco: City Lights, 1995.

Calhoun, C. Indirect Relationships and Imagined Communities: Large-Scale Social Integration and the Transformation of Everyday Life. Pp. 95-120 in Social Theory for a Changing Society, edited by Pierre Bourdieu and James S. Colemen. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1991.

Cherny, L., and E.R. Weise, eds. Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA: Seal Press, 1996.

Cherny, L. Conversation and Community: Discourse in a Social MUD. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Cohill, A.M., and A.L. Kavanaugh, eds. Community Networks: Lessons from Blacksburg, Virginia. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1997.

Cooley, C.H. The Extension of Primary Ideals. In Social Organization. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1909.

Coyne, Richard. Technoromanticism: Digital Narrative, Holism, and the Romance of the Real. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.

Cubitt, Sean. Digital Aesthetics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc., 1998.

Davis, B.H., and J.P. Brewer. Electronic Discourse: Linguistic Individuals in Virtual Space. New York: State University of New York Press, 1997.

Denning, P.J., and R.M. Metcalfe. Beyond Calculation: The Next Fifty Years of Computing. Germany: Springer Verlag, 1998.

Dery, Mark, ed. Flame Wars: The Discourse of Cyberculture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1994.

Dery, Mark. Escape Velocity: Cyberculture at the End of the Century. New York: Grove Press, 1996.

Dibbell, Julian. My Tiny Life: Crime and Passion in a Virtual World. New York: Henry Holt, 1999.

Doheny-Farina, Stephen. The Wired Neighborhood. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.

Druckrey, T., and A.R. Stone, eds. Electronic Culture: Technology and Visual Representation. New York: Aperture Publishing, 1997.

Dyson, Esther. Release 2.0: A Design for Living in the Digital Age. New York: Broadway Books, 1997.

Ebo, B.L. Cyberghetto or Cybertopia: Race, Class, and Gender on the Internet. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1998.

Eisenstein, E.L. The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.

Ellul, Jacques. The Technological Society. New York: Knopf Publishing, 1964.

Featherstone, M., and R. Burrows, eds. Cyberspace, Cyberbodies, Cyberpunk: Cultures of Technological Embodiment. London: Sage Publications Ltd., 1996.

Figallo, Cliff. Hosting Web Communities: Building Relationships, Increasing Customer Loyalty, and Maintaining a Competitive Edge. Somerset, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

Furger, Roberta. Does Jane Compute? Preserving Our Daughters' Place in the Cyber Revolution. New York: Warner Books, 1998.

Gackenbach, Jayne, ed. Psychology and the Internet: Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, and Transpersonal Implications. San Diego: Academic Press, 1998.

Grodin, D., and T.R. Lindlof, eds. Constructing the Self in a Mediated World: Inquiries in Social Construction. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc, 1996.

Grossman, L.K. The Electronic Republic: Reshaping Democracy in the Information Age. New York: Penguin, 1996.

Hagel, John III, and Arthur G. Armstrong. Net Gain: Expanding Markets Through Virtual Communities. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1997.

Haraway, Donna J. Modest-Witness, Second-Millennium: Femaleman Meets Oncomouse: Feminism and Technoscience. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Harcourt, Wendy, ed. Women Internet: Creating New Cultures in Cyberspace. New York: Zed Books, 1999.

Hauben, R., and M. Hauben. Netizens: On the History and Impact of Usenet and the Internet. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Computer Society, 1997.

Hayles, Katherine. How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.

Hill, K.A., and J.E. Hughes. Cyberpolitics: Citizen Activism in the Age of the Internet (People, Passions, and Power). Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998.

Hiltz, S.R., and M. Turoff . The Network Nation: Human Communication Via Computer, revised edition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1993.

Holeton, Richard. Composing Cyberspace: Identity, Community, and Knowledge in the Electronic Age. Columbus, OH: McGraw Hill College Division, 1997.

Holmes, David, ed. Virtual Politics: Identity and Community in Cyberspace. London: Sage, 1998.

Horn, Stacy. Cyberville: Clicks, Culture, and the Creation of an Online Town. New York: Warner Books, 1998.

Howard, Tharon W. A Rhetoric of Electronic Communities. Stamford, CT: Ablex Publishing Corporation, 1997.

Innis, Harold. The Bias of Communication. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1951.

Johnson, Steven. Interface Culture: How New Technology Transforms the Way We Create and Communicate. San Francisco: Harper, 1997.

Jones, Steven G., ed. Cybersociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1995.

Jones, Steven G., ed. Virtual Culture: Identity and Communication in Cybersociety. London: Sage, 1997.

Jones, Steven G., ed. Cybersociety 2.0: Revisiting Computer-Mediated Communication and Community (New Media Cultures, V. 2). New York: Sage, 1998.

Jordan, Tim. Cyberpower: the Culture and Politics of Cyberspace and the Internet. London: Routledge, 1999.

Kahin, B., and J. Keller, eds. Public Access to the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995.

Kiesler, S., ed. Culture of the Internet.. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc, 1997.

Kim, Amy Jo. Community Building on the Web. Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press, 1999.

Kling, Rob, ed. Computerization and Controversy: Value Conflicts and Social Choices, 2^nd ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1996.

Kochen, Manfred, ed. The Small World. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1989.

Krol, Ed. The Whole Internet User's Guide & Catalog. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, 1992.

Lea, M., and R. Spears. Love at First Byte? Building Personal Relationships Over Computer Networks. Pp. 197-233 in Understudied Relationships: Off the Beaten Track, edited by J.T. Wood and S. Duck. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1995.

Leer, Anne C., ed. Masters of the Wired World: Cyberspace Speaks Out. London: Financial Times Pitman Publishing, 1999.

Leeson, L.H., ed. Clicking In: Hot Links to a Digital Culture. Seattle, WA: Bay Press, 1996.

Levy, Pierre. Collective Intelligence: Mankind's Emerging World in Cyberspace. New York: Plenum Press, 1997.

Loader, B., and B.N. Hague, eds. Digital Democracy: Discourse and Decision Making in the Information Age. London: Routledge, 1999.

Locke, John L. The De-Voicing of Society: Why We Don't Talk to Each Other Anymore. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.

Ludlow, Peter, ed. High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.

Luke, T. Community and Ecology. Pp. 207-221 in Changing Community: The Graywolf Annual Ten, edited by S. Walker. St. Paul, MN: Graywolf Press, 1993.

Lunenfeld, Peter, ed. The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.

Marx, Karl. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, V.1, edited by Frederick Engels. New York: International Publishers, 1987.

McLuhan, Marshall. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964.

Mele, Christopher. Cyberspace and Disadvantaged Communities: The Internet as a Tool for Collective Action. In Communities in Cyberspace, edited by Marc A. Smith and Peter Kollock. London: Routledge, 1998.

Meyrowitz, J. No Sense of Place: The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behavior. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.

Miller, Steven E. Civilizing Cyberspace. New York: ACM Press, 1996.

Mumford, Lewis. The Myth of the Machine. New York: Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1966.

Nardi, B.A., and V.L. O'Day. Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.

Negroponte, Nicholas. Being Digital. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995.

Odzer, Cleo. Virtual Spaces: Sex and the Cyber Citizen. New York: Berkley Books, 1997.

Oldenburg, Ray. The Great Good Place: Cafes, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons, and Other Hangouts at the Heart of the Community, 3^rd ed. New York: Marlowe & Company, 1999.

Ong, Walter. Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word. New York: Routledge, 1982.

Plant, Sadie. Zeros and Ones: Digital Women and the New Technoculture. Doubleday Books, 1997.

Plato. Phaedrus. In The Dialogues of Plato, trans. B. Jowett. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953.

Porter, David, ed. Internet Culture. New York: Routledge, 1997.

Postman, Neil. Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business. New York: Viking Press, 1985.

Preece, J. Online Communities: Supporting Sociability, Designing Usability. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, 2000.

Rash, Wayne Jr. Politics on the Nets: Wiring the Political Process. New York: W. H. Freeman & Co, 1997.

Rheingold, Howard, ed. The Millennium Whole Earth Catalog. San Francisco: Harper, 1994.

Robertson, Douglas S. The New Renaissance: Computers and the Next Level of Civilization. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Rothman, David H. Networld! What People Are Really Doing on the Internet, and What It Means to You. Roseville, CA: Prima Publishing, 1995.

Sardar, Z., and J.R. Ravetz, eds. Cyberfutures: Culture and Politics on the Information Superhighway. New York: New York University Press, 1996.

Schuler, Douglas. New Community Networks: Wired for Change. New York: ACM Press, 1996.

Seabrook, John. Deeper: A Two-Year Odyssey in Cyberspace. New York: Simon & Schuster Books, 1998.

Sexton, Richard, ed. Parallel Utopias: The Quest for Community. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books, 1995.

Shenk, D. Data Smog: Surviving the Information Glut. New York: HarperCollins, 1997.

Shields, Rob, ed. Cultures of Internet: Virtual Spaces, Real Histories, Living Bodies. London: Sage, 1996.

Smith, Anna Du Val. Problems of Conflict Management in Virtual Communities. In Communities in Cyberspace, edited by Marc A. Smith and Peter Kollock. London: Routledge, 1998.

Smith, Marc A., and Peter Kollock, eds. Communities in Cyberspace. London: Routledge, 1998.

Spender, Dale. Nattering on the Net: Women, Power, and Cyberspace. Melbourne: Spinifex Press, 1996.

Springer, Claudia. Electronic Eros: Bodies and Desire in the Postindustrial Age. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996.

Stefik, Mark. Internet Dreams: Archetypes, Myths, and Metaphors. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.

Stoll, Clifford. The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy Through the Maze of Computer Espionage. New York: Doubleday, 1989.

Stoll, Clifford. Silicon Snake Oil: Second Thoughts on the Information Highway. New York: Anchor Books, 1996.

Stone, Allucquère Rosanne. The War of Desire and Technology at the Close of the Mechanical Age. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996.

Strate, L., R. Jacobson, and S.B. Gibson, eds. Communication and Cyberspace: Social Interaction in an Electronic Environment. Cameron Park, CA: Hampton Press, 1996.

Sudweeks, F., M.L. McLaughlin, and S. Rafaeli. Network and Netplay: Virtual Groups on the Internet. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1998.

Talbott, Steve. The Future Does Not Compute: Transcending the Machines in Our Midst. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly & Associates, 1995.

Terry, J., and M. Calvert. Processed Lives: Gender and Technology in Everyday Life. London: Routledge, 1997.

Thompson, William I. The American Replacement of Nature: The Everyday Acts and Outrageous Evolution of Economic Life. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

Tonnies, Ferdinand. Community and Society/Gemeinschaft Und Gesellschaft, trans. C. P. Loomis. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction, 1988. (Original work published in 1887).

Tsagarousianou, R., D. Tambini, and C. Bryan, eds. Cyberdemocracy: Technology, Cities and Civic Networks. London: Routledge, 1998.

Turkle, Sherry. The Second Self: Computers and the Human Spirit. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.

Turkle, Sherry. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.

Van Vliet, W., and J. Burgers. Communities in Transition: From the Industrial to the Postindustrial Era. In Neighborhood and Community Environments, edited by I. Altman, and A. Wandersman. New York: Plenum Press, 1987.

Wallace, Patricia M. The Psychology of the Internet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Wellman, B., P. Carrington, and A. Hall. Networks as Personal Communities. In Social Structures: A Network Approach, edited by B. Wellman and S.D. Berkowitz. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

Wellman, B., and M. Gulia. Net Surfers Don't Ride Alone: Virtual Community as Community. Pp 331-67 in Networks in the Global Village, edited by B. Wellman. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.

Wellman, B., ed. Networks in the Global Village: Life in Contemporary Communities. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.

Whittle, David B. Cyberspace: The Human Dimension. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co., 1997.

Winner, Langdon. Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-Of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1977.

Wise, John M. Exploring Technology and Social Space (New Media Cultures). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1997.

Woolley, Benjamin. Virtual Worlds: A Journey in Hype and Hyperreality. New York: Penguin, 1994.

Wuthnow, Robert. Loose Connections: Joining Together in America's Fragmented Communities. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Top | Articles | Monographs | Theses

Beamish, A. (1995). Communities Online: Community-Based Computer Networks. (MA thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).

Cherny, Lynn. (1995). The MUD Register: Conversational Modes of Action in a Text-Based Virtual Reality. (Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University).

Donath, Judith Stefania. (1997). Inhabiting the Virtual City: The Design of Social Environments for Electronic Communities. (Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).

Dorsher, Michael D. (1999). Hegemony Online: The Quiet Convergence of Power, Culture, and Computers. (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Maryland-College Park).

Hamman, Robin. (1998). The Online/Offline Dichotomy: Debunking Some Myths about AOL Users and the Effects of their Being Online Upon Offline Friendships and Offline Community. (MA thesis, University of Liverpool).

Kershaw, Paul. (1997). The Ways and Means of Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication: On-Line Prosody and its Linguistic Relevance. (Ph.D. dissertation, Michigan State University).

Overby, Bruce A. (1996). Identification and Validation of a Societal Model of Usenet. (MA thesis, San Jose State University).

Patterson, Holly. (1996). Computer-Mediated Groups: A Study of a Culture in Usenet. (Ph.D. dissertation, Texas A&M University).

Reid, Elizabeth. (1991). Electropolis: Communications and Community on Internet Relay Chat. (Honors thesis, University of Melbourne).

Reid, Elizabeth. (1994). Cultural Formations in Text-Based Virtual Realities. (MA thesis, University of Melbourne).

Silver, D. (2001). Cyberspace Under Construction: Design, Discourse, and Diversity in the Blacksburg Electronic Village and the Seattle Community Network. (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Maryland).

Silver, D. (1996). Parameters and Priorities: The Formation of Community in the Blacksburg Electronic Village. (MA thesis, University of Maryland).

Smith, M.A. (1992). Voices from the WELL: The Logic of the Virtual Commons. (MA thesis, University of California, Los Angeles).